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"Pop is everything art hasn't been for the terminal two decades. Information technology'southward basically a U-turn back to a representational visual communication, moving at a suspension-away speed...Pop is a re-enlistment in the world...It is the American Dream, optimistic, generous and naïve."

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"Ownership is more than American than thinking, and I'm equally American as they come."

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"Everybody has called Pop Fine art 'American' painting, just it'southward actually industrial painting. America was hit past industrialism and capitalism harder and sooner and its values seem more askew... I call up the significant of my piece of work is that it's industrial, it'due south what all the world will soon go."

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"Pop is everything fine art hasn't been for the final two decades...Information technology springs newborn out of a colorlessness with the finality and over-saturation of Abstruse Expressionism, which, past its own esthetic logic, is the END of art, the glorious pinnacle of the long pyramidal artistic process. Stifled by this rarefied atmosphere, some immature painters turn back to some less exalted things like Coca-Cola, water ice-foam sodas, large hamburgers, super-markets and 'EAT' signs. They are center-hungry; they popular..."

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"Everything is beautiful. Popular is everything."

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"A Coke is a Coke and no corporeality of coin can get you a better Coke than the 1 the bum on the corner is drinking. All the Cokes are the same and all the Cokes are good. Liz Taylor knows information technology, the President knows information technology, the bum knows it, and you know it."

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"[Popular Art is:] Pop (designed for a mass audience); transient (brusk-term solution); expendable (easily forgotten); low cost; mass produced; young (aimed at youth); witty; sexy; gimmicky; glamorous; and terminal but not least, Large Business."

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Summary of Pop Fine art

Pop Fine art's refreshing reintroduction of identifiable imagery, drawn from media and popular civilization, was a major shift for the direction of modernism. With roots in Neo-Dada and other movements that questioned the very definition of "art" itself, Pop was birthed in the United Kingdom in the 1950s amongst a postwar socio-political climate where artists turned toward celebrating commonplace objects and elevating the everyday to the level of fine fine art. American artists Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist and others would presently follow adapt to get the virtually famous champions of the move in their own rejection of traditional historic artistic subject thing in lieu of contemporary society's e'er-present infiltration of mass manufactured products and images that dominated the visual realm. Perhaps owing to the incorporation of commercial images, Pop Art has become one of the almost recognizable styles of modernistic art.

Key Ideas & Accomplishments

• By creating paintings or sculptures of mass culture objects and media stars, the Pop Art movement aimed to blur the boundaries between "high" art and "low" culture. The concept that there is no bureaucracy of culture and that art may borrow from whatever source has been ane of the well-nigh influential characteristics of Pop Art.
• It could exist argued that the Abstract Expressionists searched for trauma in the soul, while Popular artists searched for traces of the aforementioned trauma in the mediated world of advertising, cartoons, and popular imagery at large. But it is perhaps more precise to say that Pop artists were the first to recognize that in that location is no unmediated access to annihilation, be it the soul, the natural world, or the congenital environment. Pop artists believed everything is inter-connected, and therefore sought to make those connections literal in their artwork.
• Although Pop Fine art encompasses a broad multifariousness of work with very unlike attitudes and postures, much of information technology is somewhat emotionally removed. In dissimilarity to the "hot" expression of the gestural abstraction that preceded it, Pop Art is generally "coolly" ambivalent. Whether this suggests an acceptance of the popular world or a shocked withdrawal, has been the subject field of much debate.
• Popular artists seemingly embraced the post-World War II manufacturing and media blast. Some critics accept cited the Pop Art choice of imagery every bit an enthusiastic endorsement of the capitalist market and the appurtenances it circulated, while others have noted an element of cultural critique in the Pop artists' elevation of the everyday to high art: tying the commodity status of the goods represented to the status of the art object itself, emphasizing fine art'southward identify as, at base of operations, a commodity.
• Some of the well-nigh famous Pop artists began their careers in commercial fine art: Andy Warhol was a highly successful magazine illustrator and graphic designer; Ed Ruscha was besides a graphic designer, and James Rosenquist started his career every bit a billboard painter. Their background in the commercial art world trained them in the visual vocabulary of mass civilisation every bit well every bit the techniques to seamlessly merge the realms of high art and popular civilisation.

Overview of Pop Fine art

From early on innovators in London to later on deconstruction of American imagery by the likes of Warhol, Lichtenstein, Rosenquist - the Pop Art motility became one of the nearly thought-later on of artistic directions.

Cardinal Artists

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  Andy Warhol was an American Pop artist best known for his prints and paintings of consumer appurtenances, celebrities, and photographed disasters. 1 of the about famous and influential artists of the 1960s, he pioneered compositions and techniques that emphasized repetition and the mechanization of art.

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  Roy Lichtenstein was an American painter and a pioneer of the Pop art motion. His signature reproductions of comic book imagery eventually redefined how the art world viewed loftier vs. lowbrow art. Lichtenstein employed a unique form of painting called the Benday dot technique, in which small, closely-knit dots of paint were applied to form a much larger paradigm.

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  James Rosenquist is an American Pop artist whose paintings feature fragments of faces, cars, consumer goods, and other items in bizarre juxtapositions. With their realist rendering and attending to surface textures, his works take upwardly the visual language of ad and entertainment.

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  The Swedish-American artist and builder Claes Oldenburg, an early figure in New York happenings and Pop art, is best known for his floppy sculptures and larger-than-life public works of consumer goods, musical instruments, and everyday objects.

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  Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish sculptor, printmaker and multi-media creative person, and a pioneer in the early development of Pop art. His 1947 print 'I Was a Rich Homo'due south Plaything' is considered the very starting time work of the movement. He was also a founder of the Independent Group in 1952.

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  Corita Kent, a Cosmic nun that became a famous Popular Artist created bold and colorful silkscreen prints that championed social justice causes.

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  Richard Hamilton is an English painter and collage artist, and is all-time known equally a founding fellow member of the British Contained Group, which launched the mid-century Pop fine art movement. Hamilton's 1956 collage 'Just What Is Information technology That Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?' is widely considered one of the outset works of Pop art.

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  Wesselmann was known for his paintings of nudes and his exploration of the female course. He reinterpreted the classic bailiwick of the female nude by breaking the body down into its about suggestive elements: lips, nips, and pubes, then juxtaposing information technology with general, consumerist, pop civilization.

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  Sigmar Polke was a German painter and photographer who founded the painting movement Capitalist Realism with Gerhard Richter and Konrad Fischer. Much of his work is in appropriating the pictorial brusk-hand of advertising found in much Popular Art and exploring the meaning backside various modernist and postmodernist movements.

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  David Hockney is an English painter, photographer, collagist and designer. Hockney's influence was particularly felt during the Pop art movement on the 1960s, still his work has likewise suggested mixed media and expressionistic tendencies. Although based in London for most of his career, Hockney's most famous paintings occurred during an extended trip to Los Angeles, in which he painted a series of scenes inspired by pond pools.

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  Alex Katz is an American figurative artist associated with the Popular fine art movement. His works seem simple, but according to Katz they are more reductive, which is fitting to his personality. Katz has received numerous accolades throughout his career, and has been the discipline of a documentary and numerous publications.

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  American sculptor and painter George Segal is best known for his life-size plaster cast figures, often in monochromatic white. He likewise worked with artists such as John Cage and Allan Kaprow at Rutgers University in the 1950s and 60s; Kaprow's famous "happenings" performances showtime took place on Segal's farm in New Jersey.

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  Ed Ruscha is recognized as one of the leading figures of Pop art and Conceptualism on the West Coast. From his iconic images of gasoline stations to his 'word paintings,' his work is deeply influenced by the graphic arts and deals largely with themes of commercial culture, language, and the mundane.

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  Robert Rauschenberg, a key figure in early on Popular fine art, admired the textural quality of Abstract Expressionism but scorned its emotional pathos. His famous "Combines" are function sculpture, role painting, and office installation.

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  Jasper Johns is an American artist who rose to prominence in the belatedly 1950s for his multi-media constructions, dubbed by critics as Neo-Dada. Johns' work, including his globe-famous targets and American flags serial, were important predecessors to Pop art.

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  Peter Blake is a British Popular artist that has fabricated many iconic images including the comprehend for the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Alone Hearts Club Band album.

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  Rosalyn Drexler powerfully repurposed media images and is now becoming recognized as a central feminist voice in the Pop Art movement.

Do Not Miss

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  The Pop art motility emerged in Britain before becoming enourmously popular in the Usa. Early practitioners such as Eduardo Paolozzi and Richard Hamilton fix the scene for the achievement of legends such as Warhol and Lichtenstein.

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  Photorealism is a style of painting that was adult by such artists as Chuck Close, Audrey Flack and Richard Estes. Photorealists often utilise painting techniques to mimic the furnishings of photography and thus mistiness the line that have typically divided the ii mediums.

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  The Upper-case letter Realists shared a disquisitional stance toward the invasion of American consumerism into West Germany.

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  The creative history of the U.s.a. stretches from indigenous art and Hudson River School into Contemporary fine art. Relish our guide through the many American movements.

Important Art and Artists of Pop Art

I Was a Rich Man'due south Plaything (1947)

Paolozzi, a Scottish sculptor and creative person, was a key member of the British post-state of war avant-garde. His collage I Was a Rich Human'southward Plaything proved an important foundational piece of work for the Pop Art move, combining pop culture documents like a lurid fiction novel comprehend, a Coca-Cola advertisement, and a military recruitment advertisement. The work exemplifies the slightly darker tone of British Pop Art, which reflected more upon the gap between the glamour and abundance present in American popular civilisation and the economical and political hardship of British reality. Every bit a member of the loosely associated Independent Group, Paolozzi emphasized the impact of technology and mass culture on loftier art. His utilize of collage demonstrates the influence of Surrealist and Dadaist photomontage, which Paolozzi implemented to recreate the barrage of mass media images experienced in everyday life.

Just What Is Information technology That Makes Today's Homes So Different, Then Appealing? (1956)

Artist: Richard Hamilton

Hamilton'southward collage was a seminal piece for the development of Popular Art and is often cited as the very beginning work of the movement. Created for the exhibition This is Tomorrow at London'southward Whitechapel Gallery in 1956, Hamilton's prototype was used both in the catalogue for the exhibition and on posters advert information technology. The collage presents viewers with an updated Adam and Eve (a body-architect and a caricatural dancer) surrounded by all the conveniences modernistic life provided, including a vacuum cleaner, canned ham, and a television. Synthetic using a variety of cutouts from magazine advertisements, Hamilton created a domestic interior scene that both lauded consumerism and critiqued the decadence that was emblematic of the American post-war economic blast years.

President Elect (1960-61)

Creative person: James Rosenquist

Like many Pop artists, Rosenquist was fascinated past the popularization of political and cultural figures in mass media. In his painting President Elect, the creative person depicts John F. Kennedy'due south face amidst an amalgamation of consumer items, including a yellow Chevrolet and a slice of cake. Rosenquist created a collage with the 3 elements cutting from their original mass media context, and then photo-realistically recreated them on a awe-inspiring calibration. As Rosenquist explains, "The face was from Kennedy'southward campaign poster. I was very interested at that time in people who advertised themselves. Why did they put upwards an advertisement of themselves? So that was his face. And his promise was half a Chevrolet and a piece of stale block." The big-scale work exemplifies Rosenquist's technique of combining detached images through techniques of blending, interlocking, and juxtaposition, every bit well as his skill at including political and social commentary using pop imagery.

Useful Resources on Pop Fine art

videos

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  45k views

  The Shock of the New - Pop Art Our Option

  Art historian Robert Hughes series - episode seven - Civilisation equally Nature

• Popular Get the Women The Other Story of Popular Art

  British historian Alistair Sooke tracks downward the forgotten women artists of pop, finding their art and their stories ripe for rediscovery. Artists include Pauline Boty, Marisol, Rosalyn Drexler, Idelle Weber, Letty Lou Eisenhauer, and Jann Haworth

Individual Artist Overviews:

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  one.2M views

  Andy Warhol Documentary: The Complete Picture Our Pick

  The definitive, carefully composed, 3 hr documentary on Warhol - and his part in Pop Art

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  43k views

  Roy Lichtenstein at the Tate Modern (2013) Our Pick

  Overview of the creative person

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  3k views

  James Rosenquist

  Brief overview by British art critic Alastair Sooke

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  87k views

  Claes Oldenburg

  Brief overview by MoMA

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  544k views

  Gerhard Richter

  Gerhard Richter talks near his life and work with Nicholas Serota, Director of Tate

Art History Lectures:

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  1k views

  Critic Christopher Knight @ Smithsonian American Art Museum (SAAM) Our Pick

  Proposes that Warhol'due south subjects are not about popular civilization, they are chosen for their very particular, art specific themes

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  1k views

  Leo Castelli: The Beginning Global Gallerist Our Pick

  Professor and historian Annie Cohen-Solal overviews the life and luminescence of Leo Castelli, the gallerist that brought many Popular artists to fame from Rauschenberg to Rosenquist

articles

• Popular Art International: Far Across Warhol and Lichtenstein Our Choice

  A look into the varying international aesthetics of the Popular Art movement / By The netherlands Cotter / The New York Times / February 25, 2016

• Where Are the Great Women Pop Artists? Our Pick

  Past Kim Levin / ARTnews Magazine / November 1, 2010

• Reconfiguring Pop Our Pick

  By Saul Ostrow / Art in American Mag / September 1, 2010

• Pinnacle OF THE POPS - Did Andy Warhol change everything? Our Pick

  An all-encompassing wait (and investigation) into the life of Andy Warhol, through the context of his personal life and art making practices / By Louis Menand / The New Yorker / January 11, 2010

• The Popular Fine art Era

  By Deborah Solomon / The New York Times / December 8, 2009

• Top Ten ARTnews Stories: The First Give-and-take on Pop

  ARTnews Mag / November 1, 2007

• Popular Fine art Was Part French: Mais Oui! Just Ask Them

  By Alan Riding / The New York Times / Apr fifteen, 2001

• The Arts and the Mass Media Our Pick

  By Lawrence Alloway / Architectural Blueprint & Structure / February 1958

• James Rosenquist, Pop Art Pioneer, Dies at 83

  A snapshot of the life, work and inspiration for a Pop Art pioneer / Past Ken Johnson / The New York Times / April 1, 2017

Content compiled and written by Justin Wolf

Edited and published by The Art Story Contributors

"Popular Fine art Movement Overview and Analysis". [Internet]. . TheArtStory.org
Content compiled and written by Justin Wolf
Edited and published by The Fine art Story Contributors
Bachelor from:
First published on 15 October 2012. Updated and modified regularly
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